Main Parts and Functions of the Female Reproductive system
1. External Genitalia (Vulva)
Mons pubis – fatty tissue over the pubic bone.
Labia majora & labia minora – outer and inner folds that protect the vaginal opening.
Clitoris – small, sensitive organ involved in sexual arousal.
Urethral opening – where urine exits.
Vaginal opening – entry to the vagina.
2. Internal Organs
Vagina – muscular canal connecting the uterus to the outside; serves as the birth canal during delivery.
Uterus (womb) – hollow, muscular organ where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a baby.
Endometrium – inner lining, thickens each cycle for possible implantation.
Myometrium – muscular wall that contracts during labor.
Fallopian tubes (oviducts) – transport eggs from ovaries to uterus; site of fertilization.
Ovaries – almond-shaped organs that produce eggs (ova) and secrete hormones (estrogen, progesterone).
3. Accessory Structures
Cervix – lower part of uterus opening into the vagina; produces cervical mucus and dilates during childbirth.
Mammary glands (breasts) – produce milk for nourishment after childbirth (lactation).
Key Functions
Production of gametes (eggs/ova).
Hormone secretion (estrogen & progesterone regulating menstrual cycle and pregnancy).
Site of fertilization (fallopian tubes).
Site of implantation & fetal development (uterus).
Childbirth (via the vagina).
Nourishment of newborn (breast milk).
